D\u00f6rt y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn, 16 Eyl\u00fcl 2022\u2019de, 22 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n J\u00eena Mahsa Am\u00een\u00ee, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u201cahlak polisi\u201d taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131ktan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi. Onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yaln\u0131zca zorunlu ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 bir tepkinin de\u011fil; kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bedenleri \u00fczerindeki devlet denetiminden K\u00fcrtler ve Belu\u00e7lar \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131ya, yoksulluktan gen\u00e7lerin geleceksizli\u011fine kadar birikmi\u015f toplumsal \u00f6fkenin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena, 13 Eyl\u00fcl 2022\u2019de zorunlu \u00f6rt\u00fcnme kurallar\u0131na uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ran makamlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savundu, ailesi ise bunu reddetti. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in \u0130ran i\u00e7in olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rma misyonu daha sonra J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6zalt\u0131nda fiziksel \u015fiddete maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0130ran devletinin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sorumlu oldu\u011funu bildirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ancak gen\u00e7 bir K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, y\u0131llard\u0131r biriken \u00f6fkenin de k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n cenazesinin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Seqiz\u2019de kad\u0131nlar ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fclerini \u00e7\u0131kararak \u201cJin, Jiyan, Azad\u00ee\u201d \u2014 Kad\u0131n, Ya\u015fam, \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck diye hayk\u0131rd\u0131. Bu ses k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede Tahran\u2019a, \u00fcniversitelere, okullara ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden toplumsal ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131ya<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2022\u2019de ba\u015flayan hareketi yaln\u0131zca bir \u201cba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc protestosu\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamak eksik kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi protestolarda beden \u00fczerinde s\u00f6z sahibi olma, ayr\u0131mc\u0131 yasalara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kma, siyasal ve toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck talepleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00d6\u011frenciler, i\u015f\u00e7iler, \u00f6\u011fretmenler, gen\u00e7ler, K\u00fcrtler ve Belu\u00e7lar da eylemlere kat\u0131ld\u0131. Kaynaklara g\u00f6re protestolar \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n 31 eyaletine yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n K\u00fcrt bir kad\u0131n olmas\u0131 da bu hik\u00e2yenin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cJin, Jiyan, Azad\u00ee\u201d 2022\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir slogan de\u011fildi; K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n hareketinin m\u00fccadele tarihinden geliyordu. Fakat J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan bu \u00fc\u00e7 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e kelime \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en tan\u0131nan kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sloganlar\u0131ndan biri haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130ran y\u00f6netiminin protestolara yan\u0131t\u0131 ise a\u011f\u0131r oldu. Yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda protestolar s\u0131ras\u0131nda 551 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bunlar\u0131n 68\u2019inin \u00e7ocuk oldu\u011fu \u015feklindeydi. Ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te keyf\u00ee g\u00f6zalt\u0131, i\u015fkence, k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele ve cinsel \u015fiddet vakalar\u0131 da belgelendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Amnesty International\u2019\u0131n 16 Eyl\u00fcl 2026\u2019da yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k ara\u015ft\u0131rma ise ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde inceleyebildi\u011fi 377 protestocu ve sivilin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc isimleriyle belgeledi. \u00d6rg\u00fct, bu say\u0131n\u0131n toplam \u00f6l\u00fcm bilan\u00e7osu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yaln\u0131zca ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde do\u011frulayabildi\u011fi vakalar\u0131 kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Seqiz\u2019den d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan dayan\u0131\u015fma<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan y\u00fckselen hareketin en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri, \u201cJin, Jiyan, Azad\u00ee\u201dnin \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015fmas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerde kad\u0131nlar, insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131 ve \u0130ran diasporas\u0131 sokaklara \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fclerini \u00e7\u0131karan, sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kesen \u0130ranl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131ma girdi; \u201cWoman, Life, Freedom\u201d bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede d\u00fczenlenen g\u00f6sterilerin ortak slogan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu uluslararas\u0131 etki yaln\u0131zca sokak g\u00f6sterileriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131. Avrupa Parlamentosu, 2023 Sakharov D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc J\u00eena Mahsa Am\u00een\u00ee ile \u0130ran\u2019daki \u201cWoman, Life, Freedom\u201d hareketine verdi. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Nobel Bar\u0131\u015f \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc de \u0130ran\u2019da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bask\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesi ve insan haklar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 nedeniyle Narges Mohammadi\u2019ye verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00f6ylece Seqiz\u2019de y\u00fckselen \u00fc\u00e7 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e kelime, farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalardaki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kendi deneyimleriyle ili\u015fki kurdu\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve dayan\u0131\u015fma diline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n hik\u00e2yesini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131lan yanlardan biri de tam olarak budur: Yerel olan\u0131n evrenselle bulu\u015fmas\u0131. Bir K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131na y\u00f6nelik m\u00fcdahale, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kendi bedenleri ve hayatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde s\u00f6z sahibi olma talebiyle yank\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin s\u0131n\u0131fsal y\u00fcz\u00fc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan geli\u015fen hareketi yaln\u0131zca kad\u0131nlarla devlet aras\u0131ndaki bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma olarak okumak da yetersiz kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ayn\u0131 zamanda ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla ilgilidir. Geliri olmayan bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in \u015fiddet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc evden ayr\u0131lmak; g\u00fcvencesiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in i\u015fyerindeki tacize kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak; bar\u0131nma ve sosyal g\u00fcvenceden yoksun bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir ya\u015fam kurmak \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu nedenle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131, e\u015fit \u00fccret, sosyal g\u00fcvence, bar\u0131nma ve kamusal bak\u0131m hizmetleri kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fakat kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131y\u0131 yaln\u0131zca s\u0131n\u0131fsal s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye indirgemek de eksik olur. Patriyarka yaln\u0131zca fabrikada veya i\u015fyerinde de\u011fil; evde, ailede, sokakta, hukukta ve kad\u0131n bedeni \u00fczerinde de yeniden \u00fcretilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin ay\u0131rt edici noktas\u0131 burada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcl bask\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmezle\u015ftirmeden s\u0131n\u0131fsal e\u015fitsizli\u011fi; s\u0131n\u0131fsal s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rmadan erkek egemenli\u011fini birlikte de\u011ferlendirmek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6rt y\u0131l sonra geriye kalan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden d\u00f6rt y\u0131l sonra \u201cJin, Jiyan, Azad\u00ee\u201d h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2022 ayaklanmas\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019daki b\u00fct\u00fcn bask\u0131 mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmad\u0131. Kad\u0131nlara y\u00f6nelik hukuki ve toplumsal k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar da sona ermedi. Ancak o g\u00fcnlerde a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan toplumsal itiraz, zorunlu \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeden kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kamusal alandaki yerine kadar pek \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n eski bi\u00e7imiyle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Daha kal\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimlerden biri ise haf\u0131zada ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda s\u00f6ylendi. K\u00fcrt\u00e7e bir slogan uluslararas\u0131 kad\u0131n dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n diline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck talebi \u00f6\u011frencilerin, emek\u00e7ilerin, gen\u00e7lerin ve farkl\u0131 bask\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan toplumsal kesimlerin talepleriyle kesi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
J\u00eena\u2019y\u0131 d\u00f6rt y\u0131l sonra hat\u0131rlamak bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f bir \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc anmak de\u011fildir. Onun ad\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale gelen \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, e\u015fitlik ve insan onuru talebinin d\u00fcnya kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ortak haf\u0131zas\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izi hat\u0131rlamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jin, Jiyan, Azad\u00ee!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131n, Ya\u015fam, \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00f6rt y\u0131l \u00f6nce bug\u00fcn, 16 Eyl\u00fcl 2022\u2019de,...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10601,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,7,29],"tags":[],"manset":[],"bilesen":[],"class_list":["post-10600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kadin","category-makaleler","category-manset"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10600"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10602,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10600\/revisions\/10602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10600"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=10600"},{"taxonomy":"bilesen","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bilesen?post=10600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}