T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin haritas\u0131na bug\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca da\u011flar\u0131n, ovalar\u0131n, ormanlar\u0131n ve nehirlerin haritas\u0131 olarak bakmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Ayn\u0131 haritan\u0131n \u00fczerinde maden ruhsatlar\u0131, ta\u015f ocaklar\u0131, termik santraller, enerji projeleri, turizm ve imar alanlar\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. Da\u011f cevher sahas\u0131na, orman i\u015fletme alan\u0131na, dere enerji kayna\u011f\u0131na, k\u0131y\u0131lar rant b\u00f6lgesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu nedenle ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015fey yaln\u0131zca bir \u201c\u00e7evre sorunu\u201d de\u011fildir; do\u011fan\u0131n talan\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda bir s\u0131n\u0131f, m\u00fclkiyet ve demokrasi sorunudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mesele yaln\u0131zca ka\u00e7 a\u011fac\u0131n kesildi\u011fi de\u011fildir. As\u0131l mesele, do\u011fan\u0131n nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na kimin karar verdi\u011fi, yarat\u0131lan ekonomik de\u011ferin kime aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan toplumsal ve ekolojik bedelin kimin s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fcklendi\u011fidir. Bir \u015firket i\u00e7in orman ekonomik bir kaynak olabilir; k\u00f6yl\u00fc i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 orman su, tar\u0131m, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, ge\u00e7im ve ya\u015famd\u0131r. Bir yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zeytinlik ruhsat sahas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindeki bir arazi olabilir; orada ya\u015fayan insan i\u00e7in ise ge\u00e7mi\u015ften gelece\u011fe aktar\u0131lan \u00fcretim k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczden temel soru \u015fudur: Kimin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131, kimin pahas\u0131na?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Akbelen\u2019den Kazda\u011flar\u0131\u2019na, Cerattepe\u2019den \u0130li\u00e7\u2019e kadar ya\u015fanan m\u00fccadeleler bu sorunun farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalardaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 yaln\u0131zca yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7evre politikalar\u0131n\u0131n sonucu olarak g\u00f6rmek yetmez. Do\u011fay\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir hammadde deposu olarak g\u00f6ren anlay\u0131\u015f ile eme\u011fi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ucuz bir \u00fcretim girdisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren anlay\u0131\u015f ayn\u0131 ekonomik mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini maliyet hesab\u0131na indirgeyen sistem, orman\u0131 da suyu da topra\u011f\u0131 da ayn\u0131 maliyet hesab\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine sokar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130li\u00e7\u2019te dokuz i\u015f\u00e7inin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi maden facias\u0131 bu ili\u015fkinin en a\u011f\u0131r \u00f6rneklerinden biriydi. Buradan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: Eme\u011fin s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcyle do\u011fan\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc birbirinden kopar\u0131lamaz.<\/strong> Ancak bunun tersi de do\u011frudur. Ekoloji m\u00fccadelesi i\u015f\u00e7inin ge\u00e7im sorununu g\u00f6rmezden gelerek b\u00fcy\u00fcyemez. Bir madenin ya da termik santralin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 savunurken orada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yar\u0131n ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015fmuyorsak eksik konu\u015fuyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu nedenle sosyalist ekoloji anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde adil ge\u00e7i\u015f olmak zorundad\u0131r. Ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m yaratan \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imlerinden vazge\u00e7ilirken faturan\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, gelir ve sosyal g\u00fcvence hakk\u0131n\u0131n kamusal politikalarla g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm gereklidir. Mesele i\u015f ile do\u011fa aras\u0131nda tercih yapmak de\u011fil, hem eme\u011fi hem do\u011fay\u0131 sermayenin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kurtaracak ba\u015fka bir \u00fcretim d\u00fczeni kurabilmektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do\u011fa m\u00fccadelesinin bir di\u011fer temel boyutu demokratik haklar m\u00fccadelesidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir k\u00f6y\u00fcn, bir kentin ya da bir vadinin gelece\u011fi hakk\u0131nda orada ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 yoksa mesele art\u0131k yaln\u0131z \u00e7evre meselesi de\u011fildir; do\u011frudan demokrasi meselesidir. \u00c7ED toplant\u0131lar\u0131ndan kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalara, ruhsatland\u0131rmadan bilirki\u015fi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kadar hemen her b\u00fcy\u00fck ekoloji m\u00fccadelesinde ayn\u0131 soru kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: Karar\u0131 kim veriyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan insanlar kendi topraklar\u0131n\u0131n, sular\u0131n\u0131n ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi konusunda karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itiliyorsa yurtta\u015fl\u0131k hakk\u0131 da zedeleniyor. Bu y\u00fczden sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama hakk\u0131; \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme hakk\u0131ndan, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri hakk\u0131ndan ve yerel halk\u0131n karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Bir a\u011fac\u0131 savunmak ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u00f6z s\u00f6yleme hakk\u0131n\u0131, bir dereyi savunmak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer hakk\u0131nda karar verme hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunmakt\u0131r. Topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunan k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fccadelesiyle hakk\u0131n\u0131 arayan i\u015f\u00e7inin, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, gen\u00e7lerin ve kent hakk\u0131 i\u00e7in direnenlerin m\u00fccadelesi bu nedenle birbirinden uzak de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bug\u00fcn belki de en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun m\u00fccadelelerin par\u00e7al\u0131 kalmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i kendi fabrikas\u0131nda, k\u00f6yl\u00fc maden \u015firketine kar\u015f\u0131 kendi k\u00f6y\u00fcnde, kentli park\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 savunurken; kad\u0131nlar ya\u015fam hakk\u0131, gen\u00e7ler gelecekleri ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ediyor. Her biri hakl\u0131 ve de\u011ferli m\u00fccadelelerdir. Ancak bu m\u00fccadeleler birbirinden kopuk kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndaki ekonomik ve siyasal g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ok daha \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc hareket ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n As\u0131l ihtiya\u00e7 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fccadeleleri birbirinin yerine ge\u00e7irmek de\u011fil, birbirinin par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirmektir.<\/strong> Ekoloji m\u00fccadelesinin s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesiyle, kad\u0131n m\u00fccadelesiyle, demokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesiyle ortakla\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 d\u00fczen bir yerde i\u015f\u00e7iyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken ba\u015fka bir yerde k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn topra\u011f\u0131na el koyuyor; bir ba\u015fka yerde k\u0131y\u0131y\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftiriyor, kamusal alan\u0131 piyasala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Sorun ortaksa m\u00fccadelelerin birbirini g\u00f6rmesi de zorunludur. Ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z, m\u00fccadele hatlar\u0131n\u0131 ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ortakla\u015ft\u0131rabildi\u011fimizle do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Akbelen\u2019de y\u0131llard\u0131r tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan temel kavramlardan biri \u201ckamu yarar\u0131\u201d. Fakat burada \u015fu soruyu sormak gerekiyor: Kamu kimdir? Bir \u015firketin yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 kamu yarar\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131rken k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn topra\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015famaya devam etmesi neden ikinci plana d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor? Enerji \u00fcretimi kamu yarar\u0131ysa temiz suya ula\u015fmak, zeytinlikleri korumak, tar\u0131m\u0131 devam ettirmek ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015famak neyin yarar\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sol-sosyalist ekoloji anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 tam bu noktada ba\u015fka bir kamu yarar\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nerir. Su, orman, mera, k\u0131y\u0131, tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131 ve enerji kaynaklar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca piyasan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulacak metalar de\u011fil, toplumun ortak varl\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r; yani m\u00fc\u015ftereklerdir. M\u00fc\u015fterekleri savunmak yaln\u0131zca onlar\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc talandan korumak anlam\u0131na gelmez. Ayn\u0131 zamanda onlar\u0131n nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 konusunda toplumun s\u00f6z ve karar sahibi olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do\u011fa m\u00fccadelesinin yaln\u0131zca \u201cdaha az a\u011fa\u00e7 kesilsin\u201d, \u201cdaha temiz madencilik yap\u0131ls\u0131n\u201d ya da \u201c\u015firketler biraz daha s\u0131k\u0131 denetlensin\u201d noktas\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 yetmez. Elbette bunlar\u0131n her biri \u00f6nemlidir; fakat as\u0131l ihtiya\u00e7 daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir sorgulamad\u0131r: Ne \u00fcretiyoruz, kimin i\u00e7in \u00fcretiyoruz, ne kadar \u00fcretiyoruz, karar\u0131 kim veriyor ve bedeli kim \u00f6d\u00fcyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ekolojik krize ger\u00e7ek bir yan\u0131t yaln\u0131zca \u00fcretim teknolojisini de\u011fi\u015ftirmekle s\u0131n\u0131rlanamaz. \u00dcretimin amac\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fclkiyet ili\u015fkilerini ve karar mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 da tart\u0131\u015fmak gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fa \u00fczerinde s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z tasarruf hakk\u0131n\u0131 sermayeye b\u0131rakan bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7erisinde birka\u00e7 \u00e7evreci d\u00fczenlemeyle kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n As\u0131l kopu\u015f tam da burada ba\u015flar: Do\u011fay\u0131 savunmay\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bir \u00e7evre hassasiyeti olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p eme\u011fin, demokrasinin, e\u015fitli\u011fin ve toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn m\u00fccadelesiyle bulu\u015fturmak. Akbelen\u2019den Kazda\u011flar\u0131\u2019na, Cerattepe\u2019den \u0130li\u00e7\u2019e verilen m\u00fccadeleleri ortakla\u015ft\u0131racak zemin de budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin hakk\u0131n\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kad\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131, gencin gelece\u011fini, toplumun suyunu, orman\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131 g\u00f6rmeyen bir m\u00fccadele anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 var. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sermaye hayat\u0131 par\u00e7alara ay\u0131rm\u0131yor; biz de m\u00fccadelemizi par\u00e7alara ay\u0131rmamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do\u011fay\u0131 savunmak ya\u015fam\u0131, ya\u015fam\u0131 savunmak eme\u011fi, eme\u011fi savunmak da demokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc savunmakt\u0131r. Bu m\u00fccadele hatlar\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar ortakla\u015ft\u0131rabilirsek, de\u011fi\u015ftirme g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz de o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin haritas\u0131na bug\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca da\u011flar\u0131n, ovalar\u0131n, ormanlar\u0131n...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,29],"tags":[],"manset":[],"bilesen":[],"class_list":["post-10625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler","category-manset"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10625"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10627,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10625\/revisions\/10627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10625"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=10625"},{"taxonomy":"bilesen","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bilesen?post=10625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}