D\u00fcnya, emperyalist kapitalist sistemin derinle\u015fen ekonomik, siyasal ve ekolojik krizlerinin ortas\u0131nda yeni bir tarihsel d\u00f6neme\u00e7ten ge\u00e7iyor. Sava\u015flar, silahlanma yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, enerji kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki rekabet, a\u00e7l\u0131k, yoksulluk ve do\u011fan\u0131n giderek artan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tahrip edilmesi, birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z geli\u015fmeler de\u011fil; sermayenin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z birikim ve k\u00e2r h\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 alanlardaki yans\u0131malar\u0131d\u0131r. Kapitalizmin insanl\u0131k ve do\u011fa \u00fczerindeki y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 egemenli\u011fi, bug\u00fcn iklim krizinin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyutlarla \u00e7ok daha a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Tam da b\u00f6ylesi ko\u015fullarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen COP31 \u0130klim Zirvesi, d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131na bir kez daha \u201ciklim krizine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u201d, \u201cye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201d ve \u201cs\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma\u201d vaatleriyle sunulmaktad\u0131r. Ancak zirvenin arkas\u0131ndaki ekonomik ve siyasal ili\u015fkiler incelendi\u011finde, kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za do\u011fan\u0131n kurtulu\u015fundan \u00e7ok sermayenin kendisini yeniden \u00fcretme aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Emperyalist kapitalist sistem, kendi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131k ink\u00e2r edemeyecek bir noktaya gelmi\u015ftir. K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma, kurakl\u0131k, seller, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimdeki kay\u0131plar ve su krizleri milyonlarca insan\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan tehdit etmektedir. Ancak egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n iklim krizini kabul etmesi, bu krizi yaratan \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinden vazge\u00e7tikleri anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Tersine, bug\u00fcn sermaye, ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n kendisini yeni bir birikim ve k\u00e2r alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 aramaktad\u0131r. \u201cYe\u015fil kapitalizm\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan olgu, tam da bu tarihsel zorunlulu\u011fun ve sermayenin yeniden yap\u0131lanma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130klim krizi, egemen s\u00f6ylemin iddia etti\u011fi gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n e\u015fit derecede sorumlu oldu\u011fu bir insanl\u0131k sorunu de\u011fildir. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak gelece\u011fini tehdit etti\u011fi do\u011frudur; fakat bu tehdidin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n, \u00fclkelerin ve toplumsal kesimlerin sorumluluklar\u0131 e\u015fit de\u011fildir. H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli\u2019nin (IPCC) Alt\u0131nc\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na emisyonlar\u0131 en y\u00fcksek olan y\u00fczde 10\u2019luk hane grubu, k\u00fcresel hane t\u00fcketiminden kaynaklanan sera gaz\u0131 sal\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 34 ila 45\u2019inden sorumluyken, en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emisyonlu y\u00fczde 50\u2019nin pay\u0131 yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 13 ila 15 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu e\u015fitsizlik, iklim krizinin s\u0131n\u0131fsal karakterini b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zel jetlerle k\u0131talar aras\u0131nda dola\u015fan milyarderlerle i\u015fe gitmek i\u00e7in toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma kullanan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, devasa enerji t\u00fcketimine sahip sanayi tekelleriyle ge\u00e7imlik tar\u0131m yapan yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131mdaki sorumluluklar\u0131 ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Buna ra\u011fmen kapitalist sistem, krizin maliyetini bir kez daha i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve emek\u00e7i halklar\u0131n \u00fczerine y\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Enerji fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi, temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n pahal\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin zarar g\u00f6rmesi ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n tahrip edilmesi, en a\u011f\u0131r bi\u00e7imde emek\u00e7ileri etkilemektedir. Sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ise devlet te\u015fvikleri, yat\u0131r\u0131m fonlar\u0131, ye\u015fil krediler ve karbon piyasalar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yeni kazan\u00e7 olanaklar\u0131 sunulmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece iklim krizi, sermayenin k\u00e2rlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, halk\u0131n ise giderek daha fazla yoksulla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir s\u0131n\u0131fsal sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kapitalist \u00fcretim bi\u00e7iminin temel amac\u0131 toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 de\u011fil, sermayenin s\u00fcrekli olarak geni\u015flemesidir. Kapitalizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00fcretimin ne kadar gerekli oldu\u011fu de\u011fil, ne kadar k\u00e2rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirleyicidir. Do\u011fan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131, ekosistemlerin kendilerini yenileme kapasitesi ve gelecek ku\u015faklar\u0131n ya\u015fam hakk\u0131, sermaye birikiminin \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engel haline geldi\u011finde a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken sorunlar olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bir orman\u0131n de\u011feri bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 canl\u0131 ya\u015famla de\u011fil, alt\u0131nda bulunan maden rezerviyle; bir nehrin de\u011feri besledi\u011fi ekosistemle de\u011fil, \u00fcretebilece\u011fi elektrik miktar\u0131yla; bir tar\u0131m arazisinin de\u011feri k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamas\u0131yla de\u011fil, sermayeye sunabilece\u011fi yat\u0131r\u0131m olanaklar\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Karl Marx\u2019\u0131n Kapital\u2019de ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fczere, kapitalist \u00fcretim yaln\u0131zca i\u015f\u00e7inin eme\u011fini s\u00f6m\u00fcrmekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcretimin do\u011fal ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 da tahrip eder. Marx\u2019\u0131n insan ile do\u011fa aras\u0131ndaki maddi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fin kapitalist \u00fcretim taraf\u0131ndan bozulmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmeleri, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Marksist ekoloji literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u201cmetabolik yar\u0131lma\u201d kavram\u0131yla geli\u015ftirilmektedir. \u0130nsanl\u0131k, do\u011fan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ya da \u00fczerinde duran bir varl\u0131k de\u011fildir. \u0130nsan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n maddi temeli do\u011fad\u0131r. Ancak kapitalist \u00fcretim, bu ili\u015fkiyi toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lardan kopararak sermayenin birikim zorunlulu\u011funa tabi k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz ekolojik kriz, yaln\u0131zca yanl\u0131\u015f enerji politikalar\u0131n\u0131n veya k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netimin sonucu de\u011fil, kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinin yap\u0131sal bir sonucudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
COP31\u2019i de bu tarihsel ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal ger\u00e7eklik i\u00e7erisinde de\u011ferlendirmek gerekmektedir. Otuz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen uluslararas\u0131 iklim zirvelerinde karbon sal\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na, fosil yak\u0131tlardan uzakla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ve k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7e\u015fitli hedefler belirlenmektedir. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere uluslararas\u0131 iklim politikalar\u0131, ekolojik krizin d\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde tan\u0131nmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirli kazan\u0131mlar yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu kazan\u0131mlar, sermaye birikiminin temel dinamiklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirecek bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme yol a\u00e7mam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devletler iklim zirvelerinde yeni taahh\u00fctler a\u00e7\u0131klarken, ayn\u0131 zamanda petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011falgaz \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2025 Fosil Yak\u0131t \u00dcretim A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin 2030 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in planlad\u0131klar\u0131 fosil yak\u0131t \u00fcretimi, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 1,5 dereceyle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmaya uygun \u00fcretim d\u00fczeyinin iki kat\u0131ndan fazlad\u0131r. Bu tablo, iklim zirvelerinde verilen s\u00f6zlerle kapitalist devletlerin ekonomik politikalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki u\u00e7urumu g\u00f6stermektedir. Bir tarafta iklim krizinin \u00f6nlenmesi gerekti\u011fi ilan edilirken di\u011fer tarafta krizin maddi kaynaklar\u0131 olan fosil yak\u0131t \u00fcretimi ve sermayenin enerji t\u00fcketimi s\u00fcrekli geni\u015fletilmektedir. \u00c7eli\u015fki, kapitalizmin iklim krizini g\u00f6rmemesinden de\u011fil, kendi ekonomik varolu\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 korumak zorunda olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Emperyalist kapitalist sistemin bug\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze koydu\u011fu temel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerisi ise \u201cye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u201dd\u00fcr. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n yerine g\u00fcne\u015f ve r\u00fczg\u00e2r enerjisinin ge\u00e7irilmesi, elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, enerji depolama teknolojilerinin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve sanayinin karbon sal\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenmektedir. Ku\u015fkusuz fosil yak\u0131tlardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zorunludur. Ancak as\u0131l mesele, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn hangi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, hangi m\u00fclkiyet ili\u015fkileri i\u00e7erisinde ve hangi toplumsal ama\u00e7lar do\u011frultusunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fidir. G\u00fcne\u015fin, r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n ve suyun yenilenebilir olmas\u0131, bu kaynaklar\u0131 denetleyen sermayenin s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc karakterini ortadan kald\u0131rmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00fcn petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011falgaz kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n denetimi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen emperyalist rekabet, bug\u00fcn lityum, kobalt, nikel, bak\u0131r ve nadir toprak elementleri \u00fczerinden yeni bir boyut kazanmaktad\u0131r. Elektrikli otomobillerin, bataryalar\u0131n, g\u00fcne\u015f panellerinin ve r\u00fczg\u00e2r t\u00fcrbinlerinin \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in gerekli hammaddeler, d\u00fcnya kapitalizminin yeni stratejik kaynaklar\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2025 K\u00fcresel Kritik Mineraller G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc Raporu, bu minerallerin i\u015flenmesinde ve tedarik zincirlerinde yo\u011funla\u015fman\u0131n giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Enerji d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, emperyalist ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini ortadan kald\u0131rmak yerine onlar\u0131 yeni teknolojik ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda yeniden \u015fekillendirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kongo\u2019nun kobalt madenlerinden Latin Amerika\u2019n\u0131n lityum havzalar\u0131na, Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n nikel yataklar\u0131ndan Anadolu\u2019nun maden sahalar\u0131na kadar uzanan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, ye\u015fil teknolojilerin hammaddeleri \u00e7o\u011fu zaman a\u011f\u0131r ekolojik ve toplumsal maliyetlerle elde edilmektedir. Kapitalist merkezlerde temiz enerji ve \u00e7evre dostu ula\u015f\u0131m ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda pazarlanan teknolojilerin \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan hammaddeler, ba\u015fka co\u011frafyalarda su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131 alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na, ormanlar\u0131n tahrip edilmesine, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin a\u011f\u0131r \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131na mahk\u00fbm edilmesine ve yerel halklar\u0131n topraklar\u0131ndan kopar\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olabilmektedir. Sermaye, \u00e7evresel maliyetleri farkl\u0131 co\u011frafyalara aktar\u0131rken teknolojinin ve finansman\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00e2rlar\u0131 kendi merkezlerinde toplamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu durum, yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerinin kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 de\u011fil, bu teknolojilerin kapitalist m\u00fclkiyet ve \u00fcretim ili\u015fkileri i\u00e7erisindeki kullan\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmeyi gerektirmektedir. Ger\u00e7ek bir ekolojik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n yerine ba\u015fka enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7irilmesinden \u00e7ok daha kapsaml\u0131 olmak zorundad\u0131r. \u00dcretimin hangi toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lara g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011fi, enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kimin denetiminde olaca\u011f\u0131 ve do\u011fan\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na kimin karar verece\u011fi sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlanmadan, teknolojik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ekolojik kurtulu\u015f anlam\u0131na gelmeyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ye\u015fil kapitalizmin bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli boyutu, do\u011fan\u0131n finansalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Karbon kredileri, emisyon ticaret sistemleri, ye\u015fil tahviller ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir yat\u0131r\u0131m fonlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 dahi sermaye i\u00e7in yeni bir kazan\u00e7 alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Karbon piyasalar\u0131nda \u015firketler, kendi \u00fcretimlerinden kaynaklanan emisyonlar\u0131 do\u011frudan azaltmak yerine ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgelerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen karbon denkle\u015ftirme projelerinden kredi sat\u0131n alabilmektedir. Bu mekanizmalar, yeterli denetim ve ger\u00e7ek emisyon azalt\u0131mlar\u0131 sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kirletici \u015firketlerin faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerine olanak tan\u0131rken do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 finansal hesaplar\u0131n konusu haline getirmektedir. Ormanlar\u0131n, topraklar\u0131n ve do\u011fal karbon yutaklar\u0131n\u0131n piyasa de\u011ferleri \u00fczerinden ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, yerel halklar\u0131n bu alanlar \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131n\u0131 da tehdit edebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130klim finansman\u0131 konusunda da benzer bir e\u015fitsizlik s\u00f6z konusudur. COP29\u2019da geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in 2035 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar y\u0131ll\u0131k en az 300 milyar dolarl\u0131k finansman hedefi belirlenmi\u015f, daha geni\u015f kaynaklardan sa\u011flanacak iklim finansman\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k 1,3 trilyon dolara \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu finansman\u0131n hangi ko\u015fullarda sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131, ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z hibe ve ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n kredi olaca\u011f\u0131 temel bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusudur. Tarihsel olarak s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik, fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve e\u015fitsiz uluslararas\u0131 ekonomik ili\u015fkiler \u00fczerinden b\u00fcy\u00fck servetler biriktirmi\u015f kapitalist merkezlerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n bedeli, neden yeniden yoksul \u00fclkelerin halklar\u0131na \u00f6detilmektedir? \u0130klim krizinden en az sorumlu olan halklar\u0131n bu krizin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla m\u00fccadele edebilmek i\u00e7in yeniden bor\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, emperyalist ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin ba\u015fka bir bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir. Ger\u00e7ek iklim adaleti, yeni bir bor\u00e7land\u0131rma mekanizmas\u0131 de\u011fil, tarihsel ekolojik borcun \u00f6denmesini gerektirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ekolojik krizi emperyalist sava\u015flardan ve giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen silahlanma yar\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011ferlendirmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bir yandan devletler iklim zirvelerinde gezegeni koruyacaklar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ederken di\u011fer yandan sava\u015f sanayisine, askeri altyap\u0131ya ve silah \u00fcretimine trilyonlarca dolar aktarmaktad\u0131r. Enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n, ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n, stratejik madenlerin ve d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131n\u0131n denetimi i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen rekabet, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni sava\u015flar\u0131n e\u015fi\u011fine s\u00fcr\u00fcklemektedir. Sava\u015flar yaln\u0131zca insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131na son vermemekte, ayn\u0131 zamanda topra\u011f\u0131, suyu, havay\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn bir ekosistemi tahrip etmektedir. Kentlerin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131, tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelmesi, su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kirlenmesi ve milyonlarca insan\u0131n yerinden edilmesi, emperyalist sava\u015flar\u0131n ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu nedenle antiemperyalist m\u00fccadele ile ekoloji m\u00fccadelesi birbirinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Sava\u015f ekonomisine ayr\u0131lan kaynaklar\u0131n kamusal enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na, toplumsal refaha, bar\u0131nmaya, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa ve ekolojik onar\u0131ma y\u00f6nlendirilmesi, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n bir gere\u011fidir. Ancak emperyalizm kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015fka bir b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 koymak anlam\u0131na da gelmemektedir. ABD\u2019nin ve Avrupa kapitalizminin politikalar\u0131 kadar, \u00c7in ve di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131 ve hammadde kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki rekabeti de halklar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131fsal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve ezilen halklar\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu, herhangi bir sermaye blo\u011funun zaferine de\u011fil, kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z m\u00fccadelelerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
COP31\u2019in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi, \u00fclkemizdeki ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ve egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n do\u011fa politikalar\u0131n\u0131n da bu b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7erisinde de\u011ferlendirilmesini zorunlu k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. AKP iktidar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ye\u015fil kalk\u0131nma hedeflerini ve 2053 net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon vizyonunu uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyuna sunarken, \u00fclkenin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda maden, enerji, in\u015faat ve turizm projeleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla do\u011fan\u0131n sermayeye tahsis edilmesi devam etmektedir. Akbelen\u2019den Dersim\u2019e, Kazda\u011flar\u0131\u2019ndan Ege\u2019nin zeytinliklerine, Karadeniz\u2019in vadilerinden Mu\u015f-Varto\u2019ya kadar uzanan ekoloji m\u00fccadeleleri, T\u00fcrkiye kapitalizminin do\u011fayla kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkinin somut ifadeleridir. Bir tarafta sermayenin yat\u0131r\u0131m ve k\u00e2r talepleri, di\u011fer tarafta topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131, suyunu, orman\u0131n\u0131 ve ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan halk\u0131n ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen \u0130klim Kanunu, net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon ve ye\u015fil b\u00fcy\u00fcme hedefleri do\u011frultusunda emisyon ticaret sistemi, karbon fiyatland\u0131rmas\u0131 ve karbon piyasalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir hukuki \u00e7er\u00e7eve olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde madencilik faaliyetleri ve zeytinliklere ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler etraf\u0131nda ya\u015fanan tart\u0131\u015fmalar ise do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131yla sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi yeniden g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir tarafta iklim krizine kar\u015f\u0131 yeni yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirken di\u011fer tarafta do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n sermaye birikimine a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki politikalar s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Bu durum, kapitalist devletin do\u011fay\u0131 koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle sermayenin ekonomik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan i\u015flevi aras\u0131ndaki yap\u0131sal \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ekolojik talan\u0131 yaln\u0131zca d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan dayat\u0131lan emperyalist politikalarla a\u00e7\u0131klamak da yeterli de\u011fildir. Yerli sermaye gruplar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 tekellerle kurduklar\u0131 ekonomik ili\u015fkiler \u00fczerinden bu ya\u011fma ve birikim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin do\u011frudan akt\u00f6rleridir. Devletin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fvikler, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma kararlar\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131m izinleri ve hukuki d\u00fczenlemeler, sermayenin do\u011fal kaynaklara eri\u015fimini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Halk\u0131n ortak ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131, sermaye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeni yat\u0131r\u0131m sahalar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Topra\u011f\u0131ndan kopar\u0131lan k\u00f6yl\u00fc, ge\u00e7im ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmekte ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00fccretli emek piyasas\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale gelmektedir. B\u00f6ylece sermaye bir yandan topra\u011f\u0131, suyu ve orman\u0131 yeni birikim alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcrken di\u011fer yandan bu alanlardan kopard\u0131\u011f\u0131 insanlar\u0131 ucuz ve g\u00fcvencesiz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marksist co\u011frafyac\u0131 David Harvey\u2019in \u201cm\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme yoluyla birikim\u201d olarak kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 anlamak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir teorik \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunmaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn elinden al\u0131nan toprak yaln\u0131zca bir arazi par\u00e7as\u0131 de\u011fildir. O toprak, k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretim arac\u0131d\u0131r, ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r, toplumsal ili\u015fkilerinin ve gelecek ku\u015faklarla kurdu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131n maddi temelidir. Bir orman\u0131n, derenin, meran\u0131n ya da zeytinli\u011fin savunulmas\u0131 bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca \u00e7evresel bir duyarl\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda sermayenin m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ekoloji m\u00fccadelesinde \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmas\u0131 tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n tahrip edilmesi, yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fcler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011frudan ge\u00e7im olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Meralar hayvanlar\u0131n otlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, ormanlar \u00e7e\u015fitli ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131, dereler tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu alanlar\u0131n \u00f6zel \u015firketlerin k\u00e2r ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n maddi ko\u015fullar\u0131na y\u00f6nelen bir sald\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Akbelen\u2019de orman\u0131n\u0131 ve zeytinliklerini savunan k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden Dersim\u2019de suyuna, topra\u011f\u0131na ve do\u011fas\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kan halka kadar geli\u015fen b\u00fct\u00fcn bu m\u00fccadeleler, kapitalist talana kar\u015f\u0131 toplumsal direni\u015fin \u00f6nemli birikimleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ancak ekoloji m\u00fccadelesinin k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn direni\u015fiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmas\u0131 yeterli de\u011fildir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ile k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, kent yoksullar\u0131n\u0131n, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, gen\u00e7li\u011fin ve ezilen halklar\u0131n ortak bir m\u00fccadele hatt\u0131nda bulu\u015fmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Sermaye, i\u015f\u00e7iye \u201cBu maden kapan\u0131rsa i\u015fsiz kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u201d, k\u00f6yl\u00fcye ise \u201cBu yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmazsa b\u00f6lge kalk\u0131namaz\u201d diyerek emek\u00e7ilerin farkl\u0131 kesimlerini birbirine kar\u015f\u0131 konumland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ge\u00e7inme hakk\u0131yla k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin do\u011fay\u0131 ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 koruma hakk\u0131 aras\u0131nda yapay bir kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k yarat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Oysa i\u015f\u00e7inin d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 orman\u0131n\u0131 savunan k\u00f6yl\u00fc de\u011fildir; k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 da ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7in madende \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunda kalan i\u015f\u00e7i de\u011fildir. Her ikisinin de ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 sermayenin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale getiren kapitalist \u00fcretim ili\u015fkileri, ortak sorunun kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu nedenle ekolojik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fsizli\u011fe ve yoksullu\u011fa mahk\u00fbm edildi\u011fi bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Fosil yak\u0131t tesislerinin ve ekolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fccretlerinin, istihdamlar\u0131n\u0131n ve sosyal haklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 demokratik bir planlama s\u00fcreciyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmelidir. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn maliyeti sermaye taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131, hi\u00e7bir i\u015f\u00e7i do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ge\u00e7im ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f g\u00fcvencesi ile ekolojik kurtulu\u015f birbirinin kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 de\u011fil, ortak bir toplumsal m\u00fccadelenin temel talepleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ekoloji m\u00fccadelesindeki rol\u00fc de bu s\u0131n\u0131fsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7erisinde ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Topra\u011f\u0131n, suyun ve ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kaybedilmesi, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00fccretsiz bak\u0131m eme\u011fini ve g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n yeniden \u00fcretimindeki y\u00fcklerini daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerde suya eri\u015fimin zorla\u015fmas\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimin gerilemesi ve ge\u00e7im ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesi, patriyarkal kapitalist ili\u015fkiler nedeniyle kad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman daha a\u011f\u0131r bi\u00e7imde etkilemektedir. Akbelen\u2019de ve ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok ya\u015fam alan\u0131 direni\u015finde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6n saflarda yer almas\u0131, do\u011fay\u0131 savunma m\u00fccadelesinin ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131 ve yeniden \u00fcretim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 savunma m\u00fccadelesi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Sosyalist bir ekoloji anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n eme\u011fini, toplumsal e\u015fitsizlikleri ve karar alma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden d\u0131\u015flanmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden gelemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bug\u00fcn egemen \u00e7evrecilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, ekolojik sorunlar\u0131 bireysel t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131na indirgeyerek sermayenin yap\u0131sal sorumlulu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Daha az plastik kullanmak, enerji tasarrufu yapmak ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc geli\u015ftirmek elbette \u00f6nemlidir. Ancak ekolojik krizin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yaln\u0131zca bireysel tercihlerde aramak, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketlerin \u00fcretim politikalar\u0131n\u0131, devletlerin sermaye yanl\u0131s\u0131 kararlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kapitalist m\u00fclkiyet ili\u015fkilerini tart\u0131\u015fma d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r. Ekoloji m\u00fccadelesi, bireysel sorumluluklar\u0131 toplumsal ve siyasal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm m\u00fccadelesiyle birle\u015ftirmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece kapitalist sistemin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015famaz. \u00d6te yandan ekoloji hareketleri i\u00e7erisinde elde edilen somut kazan\u0131mlar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenmemeli; halk\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fcten, sermayenin sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131ran ve daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 yaratan m\u00fccadeleler olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bug\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde iki farkl\u0131 toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm perspektifi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Birincisi, kapitalist \u00fcretimin temel mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, teknolojileri ve yat\u0131r\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fczenlemeyi hedefleyen ye\u015fil kapitalizmdir. \u0130kincisi ise \u00fcretimin, m\u00fclkiyetin ve toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131yla do\u011fan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yeniden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini ama\u00e7layan ekososyalist d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Ekososyalizm, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin her ko\u015fulda toplumsal ilerleme anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 reddeder. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n insanca ya\u015fayabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan g\u0131da, sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, konut, temiz su, enerji ve ula\u015f\u0131m hizmetlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesini savunurken; silahlanmaya, l\u00fcks t\u00fcketime, planl\u0131 eskitmeye ve gereksiz kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131na dayal\u0131 \u00fcretimin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ger\u00e7ek bir ekolojik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm i\u00e7in enerji \u00fcretimi ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel tekellerin egemenli\u011finden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve halk\u0131n demokratik denetimine verilmesi gerekmektedir. Fosil yak\u0131tlardan bilimsel verilere ve toplumsal ihtiya\u00e7lara dayal\u0131 planl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeli, do\u011fay\u0131 tahrip eden yat\u0131r\u0131mlar durdurulmal\u0131, toprak, su, orman ve di\u011fer do\u011fal varl\u0131klar ortak ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 olarak korunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kamusal ula\u015f\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli, bar\u0131nma ve enerjiye eri\u015fim piyasan\u0131n insaf\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131, tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticilerin ve halk\u0131n g\u0131da ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yeniden d\u00fczenlenmelidir. Sava\u015f ekonomisine aktar\u0131lan kaynaklar ekolojik onar\u0131ma, kamusal hizmetlere ve toplumsal refaha y\u00f6nlendirilmeli; iklim krizinin tarihsel sorumlular\u0131 olan zengin kapitalist \u00fclkeler ve b\u00fcy\u00fck kirletici \u015firketler, y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n maliyetini \u00fcstlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ekolojik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek i\u00e7eri\u011fi, neyin, ne kadar ve hangi toplumsal ama\u00e7la \u00fcretilece\u011fine sermayenin de\u011fil, toplumun karar vermesidir. Bu ise yaln\u0131zca m\u00fclkiyet bi\u00e7imlerinin de\u011fi\u015fmesini de\u011fil, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ve halklar\u0131n \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ek bir demokratik denetim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Devlet m\u00fclkiyetinin tek ba\u015f\u0131na do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almayaca\u011f\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ekolojik planlama, halk\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na, bilimsel bilgiye, toplumsal e\u015fitli\u011fe ve do\u011fan\u0131n kendisini yenileme kapasitesine dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
COP31\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilecek sol ve devrimci bir perspektif, bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca zirvenin emperyalist kapitalist niteli\u011fini te\u015fhir etmekle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Halklar\u0131n kendi iklim program\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131, ekoloji m\u00fccadeleleri ile i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik ve siyasal taleplerini birle\u015ftirmeli, uluslararas\u0131 dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmelidir. Kongo\u2019da madenlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7inin, Latin Amerika\u2019da su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 savunan yerli halklar\u0131n, Akbelen\u2019de orman\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn, Dersim\u2019de ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden halk\u0131n, Avrupa\u2019da enerji yoksullu\u011fuyla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan emek\u00e7ilerin ve geleceksizli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 aya\u011fa kalkan gen\u00e7li\u011fin m\u00fccadeleleri ortak bir s\u0131n\u0131fsal ve ekolojik perspektifte bulu\u015fabilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130klim zirvelerinde al\u0131nacak kararlar, fosil yak\u0131tlardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f, iklim finansman\u0131 ve ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirli kazan\u0131mlar yaratabilir. Ancak bu kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek g\u00fcvencesi, sermaye temsilcilerinin vaatleri de\u011fil, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc halklar\u0131n m\u00fccadelesidir. Tarih boyunca i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve ezilen halklar\u0131n elde etti\u011fi haklar, egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kendili\u011finden geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi iyilikseverli\u011fin de\u011fil, toplumsal m\u00fccadelelerin sonucu olmu\u015ftur. Ekoloji m\u00fccadelesinde de belirleyici olan, halk\u0131n kendi ya\u015fam\u0131 ve gelece\u011fi \u00fczerinde s\u00f6z ve karar sahibi olabilmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak COP31, kapitalizmin ekolojik kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kendisini yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6stergesidir. Sermaye, fosil yak\u0131tlardan yenilenebilir enerjiye, geleneksel madencilikten kritik minerallere, do\u011frudan do\u011fal kaynak s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcnden karbon piyasalar\u0131na kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir alanda yeni birikim olanaklar\u0131 yaratmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, kapitalizmin do\u011fayla kurdu\u011fu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ili\u015fkilerini ortadan kald\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece ekolojik krizin ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretemeyecektir. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6revi, kapitalizmi daha ye\u015fil bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme kavu\u015fturmak de\u011fil, do\u011fay\u0131 ve eme\u011fi sermayenin egemenli\u011finden kurtaracak toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131 yaratmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bug\u00fcn Akbelen\u2019de orman\u0131n\u0131 savunan k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn, maden ocaklar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan i\u015f\u00e7inin, Dersim\u2019de suyuna ve topra\u011f\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kan halk\u0131n, ya\u015fam\u0131 yeniden \u00fcreten kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ve geleceksizli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 aya\u011fa kalkan gen\u00e7li\u011fin m\u00fccadelesi, ortak bir kurtulu\u015f perspektifinde birle\u015fmelidir. Do\u011fay\u0131 savunmak eme\u011fi savunmakt\u0131r; eme\u011fi savunmak sermayenin egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmektir. Ekolojik kurtulu\u015f, toplumsal kurtulu\u015ftan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve gezegenin gelece\u011fi, emperyalist tekellerin ye\u015fil projelerinde de\u011fil; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ve ezilen halklar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc m\u00fccadelesinde, dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcz bir d\u00fcnya kurma iradesindedir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00fcnya, emperyalist kapitalist sistemin derinle\u015fen ekonomik, siyasal...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"kanews_primary_category":"7","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,29],"tags":[],"manset":[],"bilesen":[],"class_list":["post-11074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler","category-manset"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11074"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11074\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11076,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11074\/revisions\/11076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11074"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=11074"},{"taxonomy":"bilesen","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bilesen?post=11074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n\n\n\n\n