Mezhep\u00e7i ter\u00f6ristler 2011 ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u201cH\u0131ristiyanlar Beyrut\u2019a, Aleviler mezara\u201d sloganlar\u0131 atarken, Aral\u0131k 2024\u2019te Colani yanl\u0131s\u0131 kalabal\u0131k \u201cHumus S\u00fcnnilerin, Aleviler defolsun\u201d sloganlar\u0131 att\u0131. Esed\u2019in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kutlayan ve saf\u00e7a \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcr Suriye\u201d sloganlar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fan yabanc\u0131lar, \u0130srailliler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zaferi ve ABD\u2019nin Filistin ve L\u00fcbnan Direni\u015fi\u2019nin ana tedarik hatt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kertme stratejisini alk\u0131\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 idrak etmeli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
YDH- Hegemonya Kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Merkezi Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Tim Anderson\u2019\u0131n el-Meyadin i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018\u2019The Syrian nation is occupied\u2019\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, Suriye ordusuna y\u00f6nelik abart\u0131l\u0131 iddialar\u0131n, HT\u015e (I\u015e\u0130D) taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenen ve iyi belgelenmi\u015f mezhepsel vah\u015feti g\u00f6lgelemek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetliyor, Washington\u2019un Suriye\u2019de HT\u015e\u2019yi me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rma konusundaki jeopolitik cambazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceliyor, \u00e7alkant\u0131l\u0131 ortamdaki mevcut olumsuzluklara ra\u011fmen, ulusun di\u011fer k\u00fcresel ba\u011flamlara da yans\u0131yan direncinin bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmaya devam etmesini kutluyor. Anderson, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Suriye devletinin yeniden kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeyi ama\u00e7layan iki senaryoyu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, yalan su\u00e7lamalar, mezhepsel zul\u00fcmler ve jeopolitik manevralar zemininde bir Suriye\u2019nin h\u0131rpalanm\u0131\u015f olsa da k\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriye \u00f6lmedi, i\u015fgal edildi. NATO\u2019nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck iki ordusu, \u0130srailliler ve onlar\u0131n el-Kaideci ter\u00f6rist vekilleri 8 Aral\u0131k 2024\u2019ten \u00f6nce \u00fclkenin \u00fc\u00e7te birini i\u015fgal etmi\u015fti, \u015fimdiyse Suriye\u2019nin y\u00fczde y\u00fcz\u00fc i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
BMGK listesindeki ter\u00f6ristlerin liderli\u011findeki \u201cge\u00e7i\u015f\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin yerel ya da uluslararas\u0131 onay almas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6n\u00fcnde uzun bir yol var; silahl\u0131 ve sivil direni\u015f ise \u00e7oktan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HT\u015e (Nusra Cephesi, el-Kaide) rejiminin devrimci ya da demokratik bir yetkisi yok ve sponsorlar\u0131 onu (HT\u015e hala BMGK taraf\u0131ndan yasakl\u0131 bir ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak listeleniyor) demokratik ve kapsay\u0131c\u0131 olarak yeniden markala\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7abal\u0131yor. Hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki kendilerine g\u00f6stermelik i\u015fbirlik\u00e7iler bulacaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pek \u00e7ok Suriyeli hayatta kalabilmek ve yeni rejimde bir rol bulabilmek i\u00e7in kendilerini yeniden tasarlamaya ve tan\u0131mlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak UNHCR\u2019ye g\u00f6re, HT\u015e\u2019nin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bir milyon ki\u015fi daha \u201cyeni yerinden edildi\u201d ve kirli sava\u015ftan ka\u00e7anlar\u0131n \u00e7ok az\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yine de el-Kaide\u2019nin y\u00f6netimi ele ge\u00e7irmesi trajedisi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Suriye de\u011ferlerinin yeniden canlanmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur ki bu olgu ne Anglo-Amerikan medyas\u0131 ne de onun T\u00fcrkiye ve Katar\u2019daki medya m\u00fcttefikleri taraf\u0131ndan haberle\u015ftirilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019de i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7larda oldu\u011fu gibi, el- Kaide rejiminin i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lar, yabanc\u0131 i\u015fgalini me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fen [Be\u015f\u015far] Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmetine kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lan \u00e7ok sahte ve abart\u0131l\u0131 propaganda ve i\u015fgale kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fckselen sivil ve askeri direni\u015fin ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in sosyal medyaya ba\u015fvurmam\u0131z gerekiyor. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu direni\u015f bize Suriye ulusunun hala hayatta oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Esed gitti ve geri d\u00f6nmesi de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Ona yak\u0131n olan pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi, h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7ekip gitmesinden dolay\u0131 ac\u0131 \u00e7ekmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda teslim oldu\u011funu hala bilmedi\u011fimiz Esed, yabanc\u0131 i\u015fgalcilerin h\u0131zla harekete ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bir bo\u015fluk b\u0131rakt\u0131. Suriye Ordusu askerlerinin iradesinde olmasa da ba\u015fkomutan\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere Suriye Ordusu komutas\u0131nda bir ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k. Suriyeli askerlerden olu\u015fan baz\u0131 gruplar mezhep\u00e7i ter\u00f6ristlere kar\u015f\u0131 gerilla tarz\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131 bile. Bu cesur askerleri sadece h\u00fck\u00fcmet ya da Esed \u201cyanda\u015flar\u0131\u201d olarak yaftalamak d\u00fcped\u00fcz cehalettir. Onlar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir Suriye\u2019yi ve \u015fu anda ciddi tehdit alt\u0131nda olan anayasas\u0131n\u0131 savunuyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde Rusya ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n rol\u00fc hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok spek\u00fclasyon yap\u0131ld\u0131. Baz\u0131 akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda analistler Putin\u2019in Esed\u2019\u0131 \u201carkadan b\u0131\u00e7aklad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan\u201d bahsediyor. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Suriye Ordusu\u2019nun vekil ordulara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesine verdi\u011fi deste\u011fin her zaman \u0130srail ya da T\u00fcrkiye ile do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmemek gibi bir s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir ihanete dair kan\u0131t g\u00f6remiyorum. \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 da bu do\u011frultuda ilerliyor: \u0130ran, Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131ndan bu yana \u015eam\u2019\u0131 tehdit konusunda uyard\u0131 ve do\u011frudan yard\u0131m teklif etti ancak Esed, \u0130ran\u2019la aras\u0131na mesafe koymak ve Fars K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki Arap monar\u015fileriyle bir t\u00fcr ekonomik at\u0131l\u0131m yapmak isteyerek bu yard\u0131m\u0131 reddetti. Yanl\u0131\u015f vaatlerle yan\u0131lt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir ama her hal\u00fck\u00e2rda \u0130ran\u2019dan yard\u0131m istemedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda, davet edilmemi\u015fken, \u0130ran Suriye Ordusu\u2019nun yerine sava\u015famazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriye Ordusu\u2019na yak\u0131n kaynaklar bana Esed\u2019in \u00fcst d\u00fczey komutanlarda a\u00e7\u0131klanamaz baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve daha yetenekli baz\u0131 generalleri saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Ku\u015fkusuz Suriye muazzam bir ekonomik bask\u0131 alt\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve bu durum direnme kapasitesini zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131. Ancak sonu\u00e7ta Suriye komuta kademesinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Esed\u2019in teslim olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ayn\u0131 mant\u0131kla, Rusya ile ilgili olarak, Helena Cobban\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nerdi\u011fi ilk a\u00e7\u0131klamaya kat\u0131lma e\u011filimindeyim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cPutin, Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kendini kurtaramazsa onu da kurtaramayaca\u011f\u0131na karar verdi.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriyeliler \u015fimdi HT\u015e y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda hayatta kalmaya adapte olurken, bir\u00e7o\u011fu hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcr\u201d olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya normal \u015fekilde devam edece\u011fini umuyor. Ba\u015flar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bel\u00e2 geldi\u011fine hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Esed\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen propaganda sava\u015f\u0131 bir yana, ya\u011fmac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen el-Kaide liderli\u011findeki bir rejim, Suriye halk\u0131 i\u00e7in t\u00fcm sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Gazze ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019da h\u0131rpalanan \u0130srailliler, Suriye\u2019de bir \u201cserbest vuru\u015f\u201d yaparak g\u00fcneyin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u015fgal ettiler ve \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm \u00f6nemli savunma altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bombalad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin d\u00fc\u015fmesi, Filistin ve L\u00fcbnan Direni\u015finin tek ger\u00e7ek m\u00fcttefiki olan Direni\u015f Ekseni i\u00e7in de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gerileme oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130lk birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde Bat\u0131 medyas\u0131 mezhepsel \u015fiddetin \u201ckorkulandan daha az yo\u011fun\u201d oldu\u011funu bildirirken, Suriye genelinde d\u00fczinelerce mezhepsel cinayet i\u015flendi. Colani ve yanda\u015flar\u0131 sponsorlar\u0131 i\u00e7in imajlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken HT\u015e rejiminin i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lar sistematik olmaktan ziyade d\u00fczensiz bir \u015fekilde ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak HT\u015e\u2019nin mezhep\u00e7i karakteri de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015fti. Mezhep\u00e7i ter\u00f6ristler 2011 ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u201cH\u0131ristiyanlar Beyrut\u2019a, Aleviler mezara\u201d sloganlar\u0131 atarken, Aral\u0131k 2024\u2019te Colani yanl\u0131s\u0131 kalabal\u0131k \u201cHumus S\u00fcnnilerin, Aleviler defolsun\u201d sloganlar\u0131 att\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Washington merkezli CSIS gibi Bat\u0131l\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015flar\u0131 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cHT\u015e\u2019nin ter\u00f6rist grup stat\u00fcs\u00fc \u2026 giderek karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015f\u0131yor\u201d diyerek yeniden markala\u015fman\u0131n zeminini haz\u0131rlad\u0131. \u015eam\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesinden sonra France 24, \u201cBat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n BMGK listesindeki ter\u00f6rist grupla \u2019normalle\u015fme\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu, zira grubun daha \u201c\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131\u201d hale geldi\u011fini g\u00f6zlemledi. Ter\u00f6ristler, ku\u015fkusuz, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin devrilmesine yard\u0131m ederek ABD, T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130sraillilerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na hizmet ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriyeliler, kanl\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fine ra\u011fmen HT\u015e rejiminin az\u0131nl\u0131klar ve kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in \u201cho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc verdi\u011fini iddia eden yeni s\u00f6ylemde biraz umut arad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pek \u00e7ok Suriyeli yeni bayra\u011f\u0131 bir t\u00fcr koruma olarak dalgaland\u0131r\u0131rken, eski Suriyeli askerler misilleme korkusuyla yeni rejimden af talep etmeye ko\u015ftu. Pek \u00e7o\u011fu tutukland\u0131 ve hapse at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ancak HT\u015e\u2019nin \u201cNusayri [Alevi] domuzlar\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan iki askerin mezhep\u00e7i bir \u015fekilde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gibi su\u00e7lar\u0131 kameraya al\u0131nd\u0131 ve yay\u0131nland\u0131. Art\u0131k HT\u015e rejiminin su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 belgeleyen sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131 ve direni\u015f eylemlerini belgeleyen ba\u015fka sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131 var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yine de Suriye ulusu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sivil ve silahl\u0131 direni\u015f var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cable ve Lazkiye aras\u0131ndaki sahilde (14 Aral\u0131k), \u015eam k\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki Telfita\u2019da (20 Aral\u0131k) ve Tartus\u2019ta (25 Aral\u0131k) eski askerler taraf\u0131ndan kurulan ve 14 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ve 10 HT\u015e sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yaralanmas\u0131na neden olan bir ba\u015fka pusuda HT\u015e g\u00fc\u00e7lerine y\u00f6nelik silahl\u0131 gerilla tarz\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, Dera\u2019da halk i\u015fgalci \u0130sraillileri ta\u015flad\u0131 ve cesur kalabal\u0131klar \u015eam\u2019daki Emevi Meydan\u0131\u2019nda se\u00e7imler, kad\u0131n haklar\u0131 ve mezhep\u00e7i sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n sona ermesi talebiyle g\u00f6steriler d\u00fczenledi. Reuters bu \u015fiddeti normalle\u015ftirme \u00e7abas\u0131yla Suriye \u201cpolisinin\u201d \u201chuzursuzlu\u011fun ard\u0131ndan\u201d soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 getirdi\u011fini bildirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Humus\u2019ta, Halep\u2019te, \u015eam\u2019\u0131n H\u0131ristiyan b\u00f6lgelerindeki H\u0131ristiyanlar taraf\u0131ndan ve Tartus\u2019ta mezhep\u00e7i politika ve uygulamalara kar\u015f\u0131 benzer g\u00f6steriler d\u00fczenlendi. Tartus\u2019ta Esed\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yemini eden eski slogan (\u201ckan\u0131m\u0131zla can\u0131m\u0131zla\u201d) t\u00fcm dini mezheplerden insanlar\u0131n Suriye\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yemini haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tartus\u2019taki Noel sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, S\u00fcnnilerin \u015eii, Alevi ve H\u0131ristiyan protestoculara kat\u0131larak yabanc\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fclkeden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etti\u011fi haberlerinin ortas\u0131nda, HT\u015e\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck takviye g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin k\u0131y\u0131 kentlerine do\u011fru hareket etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Colani bu yabanc\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lara Suriye vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilebilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Oysa Suriye\u2019de NATO destekli HT\u015e koalisyonu saflar\u0131nda binlerce yabanc\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k yanl\u0131s\u0131 (\u00c7e\u00e7enler, Uygurlar, \u00d6zbekler, Afganlar, Arnavutlar, Avrupal\u0131lar) bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bat\u0131 medyas\u0131, HT\u015e \u00e7etelerinin tarihini ve su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtbas etmek ve \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze, L\u00fcbnan ve Suriye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lardan dikkatleri ba\u015fka y\u00f6ne \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in Esed h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin s\u00f6zde su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcndeme getirme \u00e7abas\u0131na girdi. Bu iddialar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funu 2016 tarihli Suriye\u2019ye Kar\u015f\u0131 Kirli Sava\u015f kitab\u0131mda ele ald\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6zetle, \u2018sahte bayrak\u2019 katliamlar\u0131 2012\u2019de Suriye\u2019ye ekonomik abluka uygulamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131; \u00e7e\u015fitli kimyasal silah iddialar\u0131n\u0131n (2013-2018) hepsi de sahte bayrakt\u0131: ABD destekli silahl\u0131 gruplar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sald\u0131r\u0131lar, daha sonra yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla Suriye Arap Ordusu\u2019nun \u00fczerine y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Suiistimal su\u00e7lamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, Bat\u0131 medyas\u0131n\u0131n \u201csiyasi muhalefet\u201d olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, yakalanan ya da yaralanan ter\u00f6rist sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131larla ilgiliydi. \u201cToplu mezarlar\u201d s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, Gazze\u2019de \u0130srailliler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen siviller ve doktorlar i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulanlar\u0131n aksine, Suriye\u2019deki toplu mezarlar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 operasyonlarda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen ter\u00f6ristler i\u00e7indi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eam morgunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda elinde ceset foto\u011fraflar\u0131yla Katar\u2019a iltica eden \u201cSezar\u2019\u0131n me\u015fhur vakas\u0131nda, bu sava\u015f zaman\u0131 morgundaki t\u00fcm cesetlerin i\u015fkenceyle \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen \u2019muhalif\u201d mahkumlara ait oldu\u011fu iddia edilmi\u015fti. Oysa kirli sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Suriye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrekli yalan propaganda y\u00fcr\u00fcten ABD merkezli \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u0130zleme \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc bile foto\u011fraflar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n \u201csald\u0131r\u0131, patlama ya da suikast giri\u015fimlerinde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen h\u00fck\u00fcmet askerleri, di\u011fer silahl\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar ya da sivillere\u201d ait oldu\u011funu kabul etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0131sacas\u0131, Suriye ordusuna y\u00f6nelik abart\u0131l\u0131 iddialar, I\u015e\u0130D ve HT\u015e \u00e7etelerinin \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6t\u00fc ve daha iyi belgelenmi\u015f mezhep\u00e7i vah\u015fetlerini \u00f6rtbas etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131; bu su\u00e7lar Nusra Cephesi, HT\u015e ve I\u015e\u0130D\u2019in Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan ter\u00f6rist gruplar listesine al\u0131nmas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bunun HT\u015e liderli\u011findeki bir Suriye\u2019nin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ne anlama geldi\u011fi ilgin\u00e7tir. Elbette Washington Suriye\u2019deki muzaffer vekilini me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak istiyor ancak bunu yapmak zaten k\u0131r\u0131lgan olan birden fazla \u00fclkede \u201cter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele\u201d iddias\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flatacakt\u0131r; bu nedenle HT\u015e ve HT\u015e i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerinden, az\u0131nl\u0131klardan ve eski h\u00fck\u00fcmetten se\u00e7ilen ki\u015filerden olu\u015fan zay\u0131f bir koalisyon kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 tercih edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
BMGK d\u00fczeyinde HT\u015e\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik yasa\u011f\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in konseyin oybirli\u011fiyle karar almas\u0131 gerekiyor, aksi takdirde her \u00fclkeden mal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dondurulmas\u0131, seyahat yasaklar\u0131 ve silah ambargosu bekleniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Genel olarak Washington\u2019un Suriye\u2019de istedi\u011fi \u015fey, \u0130ran\u2019la ittifak yapmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Filistin ve L\u00fcbnan Direni\u015fini desteklemesini sa\u011flayan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z iradenin yok edilmesidir. Bu g\u00f6rev \u015fimdilik ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bundan sonra ne olaca\u011f\u0131 ABD ve ileri \u00fcss\u00fc \u0130srail i\u00e7in daha az \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte, Kaddafi\u2019nin devrilmesinden sonra Libya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi uzun s\u00fcreli mezhep \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ya da devletin Irak tarz\u0131 zay\u0131f, mezhep\u00e7i bir federal sisteme par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelebilir. Her iki durumda da ama\u00e7, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z siyasi iradeye sahip bir devletin yeniden kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriye\u2019nin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine y\u00f6nelik daha \u00f6nce de hem Frans\u0131z s\u00f6m\u00fcrge rejiminden hem de ABD\u2019nin \u2018Yeni Ortado\u011fu\u2019 projesiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak ortaya at\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli se\u00e7eneklerden kaynaklanan planlar vard\u0131. Bu planlar genellikle k\u0131y\u0131da bir Alevi devlet\u00e7i\u011fi, g\u00fcneyde bir t\u00fcr D\u00fcrzi himayesi, belki kuzey do\u011fuda bir K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesi ve Selefi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen \u201cS\u00fcnni\u201d bir merkez b\u00f6lgeyi i\u00e7eriyordu. Ancak b\u00f6yle bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme \u015fu anda birka\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131tlamaya tabi: Birincisi, Esed sonras\u0131 birle\u015fik bir Suriye direni\u015finin HT\u015e ve yabanc\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k yanl\u0131lar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan par\u00e7al\u0131 koalisyonun y\u00f6netimini ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zay\u0131flatabilece\u011fi; ikincisi, Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n kuzeyin baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki iddialar\u0131 ve Suriye\u2019deki herhangi bir K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in bir s\u0131\u00e7rama tahtas\u0131 olarak kullanacak K\u00fcrt ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rma talebi; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ise \u0130sraillilerin g\u00fcneyin baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ve Suriye ile L\u00fcbnan aras\u0131ndaki da\u011flar\u0131 ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ilhak etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HT\u015e rejiminin \u0130sraillilerin ya da Nusra\/I\u015e\u0130D\/ HT\u015e\u2019ye b\u00fcy\u00fck destek veren Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin emellerine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131na dair hi\u00e7bir belirti yok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama ise Washington ve yardak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Esed\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak \u015fimdi HT\u015e rejimi i\u00e7in bir engel haline gelebilecek olan 2015 tarihli 2254 say\u0131l\u0131 BMGK karar\u0131: Karar Suriye\u2019nin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131n\u0131, \u201cg\u00fcvenilir, kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve mezhep\u00e7i olmayan bir y\u00f6netim\u201d, yeni bir anayasa ve ard\u0131ndan \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcr ve adil se\u00e7imler\u201d talep ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rusya ve \u00c7in gibi b\u00f6lgesel Arap \u00fclkeleri de BMGK 2254\u2019e az \u00e7ok destek veriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
BM yetkilileri, HT\u015e rejimini \u201cumut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak nitelendirerek b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin taleplerine boyun e\u011fmekle \u00fcnl\u00fc olsalar da BMGK kararlar\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 me\u015fruiyeti kesinlikle etkileyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eimdilik HT\u015e rejimi ne devrimci ne de demokratik bir yetkiye sahip, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ger\u00e7ek bir demokratik yetki ortaya \u00e7\u0131kana kadar kendisini iktidara getiren y\u00f6ntemlerle devrilebilir. Bu da Suriye Ulusuna a\u011f\u0131r bir y\u00fck getirmektedir: NATO\u2019nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck iki ordusu ve \u00fclkenin savunma altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu zaten yok etmi\u015f olan \u0130srailliler taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen mezhep\u00e7i bir i\u015fgal rejimine sivil ve gerilla sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleriyle direnebilir mi? Yine de di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkede g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi, b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklara ra\u011fmen, direni\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ulus hayatta kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130ran, Filistin ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n en \u00f6nemli destek\u00e7isi olan Direni\u015f Ekseni\u2019nin \u0130sraillilere kar\u015f\u0131 stratejik ve ahlaki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruyaca\u011f\u0131na ve \u015eam\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn getirdi\u011fi zorluklara uyum sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 eski komutan\u0131 T\u00fcmgeneral Muhsin Rezai\u2019ye g\u00f6re Suriye direni\u015fi h\u0131zla y\u00fckselecek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cBir y\u0131ldan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Suriyeliler \u00fclkelerindeki direni\u015fi farkl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde canland\u0131racak ve ABD, Siyonist rejim ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerinin \u015feytani ve aldat\u0131c\u0131 planlar\u0131n\u0131 etkisiz hale getireceklerdir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir\u00e7ok Suriyelinin mevcut rejim alt\u0131nda hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan t\u00fcm se\u00e7enekleri denemekte olduklar\u0131n\u0131 anl\u0131yoruz, ancak Esed\u2019in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kutlayan ve saf\u00e7a \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcr Suriye\u201d sloganlar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fan yabanc\u0131lar, \u0130srailliler i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zaferi ve ABD\u2019nin Filistin ve L\u00fcbnan Direni\u015fi\u2019nin ana tedarik hatt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kertme stratejisini alk\u0131\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 idrak etmelidirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130ran bu ikmal hatt\u0131n\u0131n yeniden in\u015fa edilmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u0131pk\u0131 Filistin ve L\u00fcbnan Direni\u015finin h\u0131rpalanm\u0131\u015f ama diren\u00e7li olmas\u0131 gibi, i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndaki Suriye Ulusu da \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f ama yok olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ky: Yazar: Tim Anderson, Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu Haber,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mezhep\u00e7i ter\u00f6ristler 2011 ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u201cH\u0131ristiyanlar Beyrut\u2019a, Aleviler...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5636,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-5635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sectiklerimiz"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5635","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5635"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5635\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5637,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5635\/revisions\/5637"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5636"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5635"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5635"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5635"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=5635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}