BARI\u015e MASALARINI G\u00d6LGES\u0130NDE DEVR\u0130MC\u0130 HAREKETLER\u0130N \u0130DEOLOJ\u0130K SONU!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kapitalist sistemin bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, devrimci hareketleri etkisizle\u015ftirmenin ve tasfiye etmenin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bir arac\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. Reform, yeniden entegrasyon ve siyasi kat\u0131l\u0131m vaatleri, ony\u0131llard\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 direnen hareketleri m\u00fczakere masas\u0131na \u00e7ekerken, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin ard\u0131ndan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ya\u015fananlar sistematik bir teslimiyet ve marjinalle\u015fme \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kolombiya\u2019dan Guatemala\u2019ya, \u0130rlanda\u2019dan G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019ya kadar pek \u00e7ok \u00f6rnekte,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
silahs\u0131zlanma; suikastlar, marjinalle\u015ftirme ve sisteme entegre etme stratejileriyle<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Do\u011fu Bloku\u2019nun \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ve Devrimin K\u0131r\u0131lma An\u0131!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1989-1991 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve Do\u011fu Bloku\u2019nun da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca bir co\u011frafi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
veya siyasal \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fcnya genelindeki devrimci hareketlerin ideolojik bir<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pusulas\u0131n\u0131 yitirmesi anlam\u0131na geliyordu. \u201cElveda proleterya, elveda gerilla\u201d s\u00f6ylemleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n
y\u00fckselirken, Che Guevara\u2019n\u0131n \u201cYa sosyalizm ya \u00f6l\u00fcm!\u201d hayk\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131 adeta tarih sahnesinden<\/p>\n\n\n\n
silinmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Latin Amerika\u2019dan Afrika\u2019ya, Asya\u2019dan Avrupa\u2019ya dek uzanan Marksist-Leninist hareketler,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te hem maddi destekten hem de manevi ilhamdan yoksun kald\u0131lar. K\u00fcba devrimi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ablukayla bo\u011fu\u015furken, Nikaragua\u2019da Sandinistalar se\u00e7imle iktidar\u0131 kaybetti; Angola\u2019daki<\/p>\n\n\n\n
MPLA yaln\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131. Kapitalist sistem, devrimci hareketlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu k\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini bir teslimiyet mekanizmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek de\u011ferlendirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celia Hart\u2019\u0131n dedi\u011fi gibi, \u201cSovyetler\u2019in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc bir yenilgiydi, ama as\u0131l yenilgi, devrimin ate\u015fini<\/p>\n\n\n\n
unutmak oldu.\u201d (Hart, Devrimin Notlar\u0131, 2004).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FARC: Devrimci Vizyonun \u0130deolojik Erozyonu!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marksist-Leninist temelli Kolombiya Devrimci Silahl\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7leri (FARC), 50 y\u0131l boyunca oligar\u015fik<\/p>\n\n\n\n
devlete kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 savundu. 2016\u2019daki Havana Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
toprak reformu ve siyasi kat\u0131l\u0131m vaat etti; ancak FARC\u2019\u0131n 7.000 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 silahs\u0131zland\u0131rarak<\/p>\n\n\n\n
onlar\u0131 \u201cGe\u00e7i\u015f ve Yeniden Entegrasyon B\u00f6lgeleri\u201dne (ETCR) hapsetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devlet, taahh\u00fctlerini yerine getirmedi. 2016-2025 aras\u0131nda 400\u2019den fazla eski FARC \u00fcyesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
paramiliter gruplar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Anla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ihlal edildi; m\u00fczakereciler<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tutukland\u0131, dokunulmazl\u0131k maddeleri yok say\u0131ld\u0131. 2022 se\u00e7imlerinde FARC\u2019\u0131n siyasi kolu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Comunes, %1\u2019in alt\u0131nda oy alarak kitlelerden koptu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. FARC\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ekildi\u011fi alanlar<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketler ve toprak a\u011falar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irildi. B\u00f6ylece, yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fim<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen silahs\u0131zlanma, devrimci vizyonun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
URNG: Devrimin Metala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Guatemala Ulusal Devrimci Birli\u011fi (URNG), yerli halklar\u0131n ve k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin e\u015fitlik m\u00fccadelesinin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sembol\u00fcyd\u00fc. 1996 Bar\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131, 36 y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131 sonland\u0131rd\u0131 ancak vaat edilen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
reformlar uygulanmad\u0131. Y\u00fczlerce URNG \u00fcyesi devlet destekli paramiliter gruplarca katledildi;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
adeta bir \u201ccinayet borsas\u0131\u201d kuruldu. Bir gerillan\u0131n hayat\u0131 3 dolara indirgenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
URNG\u2019nin siyasi partiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi, k\u0131rsaldaki taban\u0131 ile ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flatt\u0131; yerli topraklar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00e7ok uluslu \u015firketlere devredildi. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, emperyalizmin bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini devrimci<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hareketleri metala\u015ft\u0131rarak tasfiye etmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterdi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
IRA: Antiemperyalist M\u00fccadelenin Yozla\u015fmas\u0131!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130rlanda Cumhuriyet Ordusu (IRA), \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015fik ve sosyalist bir \u0130rlanda<\/p>\n\n\n\n
idealiyle sava\u015ft\u0131. 1998 Good Friday Anla\u015fmas\u0131, IRA\u2019y\u0131 silahs\u0131zland\u0131rarak siyasi kolu Sinn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
F\u00e9in\u2019i sistem i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekti. Ancak anla\u015fma sonras\u0131 bir\u00e7ok eski IRA militan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc; failler<\/p>\n\n\n\n
genellikle yarg\u0131lanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sinn F\u00e9in\u2019in se\u00e7imlerde elde etti\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131, hareketin reformist bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye hapsolmas\u0131na<\/p>\n\n\n\n
neden oldu. IRA, bir halk hareketi olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p sistemin bir par\u00e7as\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bir eski<\/p>\n\n\n\n
IRA militan\u0131 \u015fu ac\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi dile getirdi: \u201cBar\u0131\u015f dediler, ama bu, hayallerimizin kefeni oldu.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(Ye\u011fin, Gerillan\u0131n Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131, s. 117).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ANC: Kurtulu\u015fun Reformist \u0130haneti!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Afrika Ulusal Kongresi (ANC), apartheid rejimine kar\u015f\u0131 sosyalist bir kurtulu\u015f hareketiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umkhonto we Sizwe\u2019nin gerillalar\u0131 e\u015fitlik hayalleriyle sava\u015ft\u0131. Ancak ANC\u2019nin iktidara geli\u015fi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
beyaz elitlerin ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc korumas\u0131 ve siyah halk\u0131n yoksullukla ba\u015f ba\u015fa kalmas\u0131yla<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1994-2000 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda onlarca eski gerilla, \u201csu\u00e7la m\u00fccadele\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. ANC<\/p>\n\n\n\n
liderleri yeni bir burjuvaziye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc; sosyalist ilkeler terk edildi. Bir ANC gerillas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s\u00f6zleri durumu \u00f6zetler: \u201cBiz \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in sava\u015ft\u0131k, ama sadece zenginlerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
kazand\u0131k.\u201d (Ye\u011fin, Gerillan\u0131n Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131, s. 132).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bar\u0131\u015f: \u0130deolojik Teslimiyet mi, Devrimci Yeniden Do\u011fu\u015f mu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kapitalist sistemin bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, devrimci hareketleri silahs\u0131zland\u0131rmak, ideolojilerini<\/p>\n\n\n\n
suland\u0131rmak ve kitlelerden koparmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. FARC\u2019\u0131n katledilen gerillalar\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Guatemala\u2019daki cinayet borsas\u0131, IRA\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik suikastler ve ANC\u2019nin burjuvaziye<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, bu stratejinin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bar\u0131\u015f, ger\u00e7ek anlamda ancak devletin ve sermayenin teslimiyetiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur. Aksi h\u00e2lde<\/p>\n\n\n\n
bar\u0131\u015f masas\u0131, devrimin mezar ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Devrimci Direni\u015fin Tarihsel Dinamikleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FARC, URNG, IRA ve ANC\u2019nin deneyimleri, bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin ideolojik bir \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe yol<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Ancak bu yenilgiler, devrimci hareketlerin sonu de\u011fildir. Kapitalizmin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
do\u011fas\u0131nda bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc, yoksulluk ve e\u015fitsizlik, ezilen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n \u00f6fkesini diri tutar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Latin Amerika\u2019n\u0131n da\u011flar\u0131nda, \u0130rlanda\u2019n\u0131n sokaklar\u0131nda, G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019n\u0131n gecekondular\u0131nda<\/p>\n\n\n\n
halk\u0131n direni\u015fi yeni bi\u00e7imlerde s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ger\u00e7ek bar\u0131\u015f, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, gen\u00e7lerin ve halk\u0131n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00f6nderli\u011finde, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya kurulacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sonu\u00e7;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tarih, yaln\u0131zca yenilgileri de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda direni\u015fi, yeniden do\u011fu\u015fu ve zaferleri de<\/p>\n\n\n\n
kaydeder. Spartak\u00fcs\u2019ten K\u00fcba Devrimi\u2019ne, d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131 her \u00e7a\u011fda s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 yeni<\/p>\n\n\n\n
yollar bulmu\u015ftur. Bug\u00fcn ya\u015fanan yenilgiler, yar\u0131n\u0131n devrimci ku\u015faklar\u0131na yol g\u00f6sterecek<\/p>\n\n\n\n
derslerdir. Devrimciler bir bar\u0131\u015f masas\u0131nda kaybedebilir, ama halk\u0131n \u00f6fkesi yenilmezdir. Bar\u0131\u015f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
s\u00fcreci, devrimci hareketleri susturabilir; ancak ezilenlerin tarihsel direnci, kapitalizmi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sarsacak dinamikleri do\u011furmaya devam edecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Coskun \u00d6ZDEM\u0130R<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
BARI\u015e MASALARINI G\u00d6LGES\u0130NDE DEVR\u0130MC\u0130 HAREKETLER\u0130N \u0130DEOLOJ\u0130K SONU!...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-7011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7011"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7011\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7013,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7011\/revisions\/7013"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7011"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=7011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}