\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (\u0130T\u00dc) akademisyenleri, merkez \u00fcss\u00fc Mara\u015f olan depremlere ili\u015fkin \u00f6n inceleme raporu haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Raporda, \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmelere yer verildi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n“Y\u0131k\u0131lan binalar\u0131n enkaz haline gelmesi hususunda bir\u00e7ok parametre etkin olmakla beraber binalar\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131, temellerin oturdu\u011fu zeminlerin ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitelerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131, in\u015faatlarda kullan\u0131lan malzeme kalitesinin, kolonlar ve kiri\u015flerin en kesit boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ve donat\u0131 miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi, in\u015fa edildi\u011fi y\u0131llarda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan y\u00f6netmeliklere uygun olarak ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistem elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fa edilmemi\u015f olmalar\u0131, di\u011fer yap\u0131m kusurlar\u0131 ile biti\u015fik nizamda in\u015fa edilen binalar\u0131n kat seviyelerinin farkl\u0131 olmalar\u0131 gibi hususlar en belirgin y\u0131k\u0131m nedenleri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kahramanmara\u015f ve Ad\u0131yaman’da enkaz halindeki binalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun ilk katlar\u0131n\u0131n ya tamamen veya k\u0131smen kat mekanizma durumuna gelerek t\u00fcm katlar\u0131n \u00fcst \u00fcste sandvi\u00e7 \u015feklinde ya da yan tarafa do\u011fru toptan veya k\u0131smen d\u00f6nerek g\u00f6\u00e7me durumlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hatay-Antakya ve Ad\u0131yaman-G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131 gibi b\u00f6lgelerde zemin s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 etkisiyle binalar\u0131n temel sistemi \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 zemine batarak ya binan\u0131n tamam\u0131 yana yatarak ya da k\u0131smen s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fan zemine batarak e\u011fik vaziyette g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu depremler sonucunda, betonarme binalar gibi t\u00fcm yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00f6netmeliklere uygun olarak zemin kapasiteleri y\u00fcksek olan b\u00f6lgelerde projelerine azami \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uygun olarak in\u015fa edilen hastaneler ile baz\u0131 kamu binalar\u0131, b\u00f6ylesine \u015fiddetli depremler sonucunda binalarda olu\u015fabilecek yap\u0131sal hasarlar\u0131n \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde kalabilece\u011fini bir defa daha g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.” <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Raporda, “Depreme dair jeolojik, jeofizik, jeodezi ve jeomorfolojik \u00f6n tespitler”, “Kuvvetli yer hareketlerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesi”, “Yap\u0131sal hasarlar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi”, “Gelece\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar\u0131n kent planlama ve h\u0131zl\u0131 konut ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek in\u015faat tekniklerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesi” ve “\u00c7evresel altyap\u0131 ve deprem at\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirme” konulu 5 ba\u015fl\u0131k yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Depremlerin, \u00fcstyap\u0131lara oldu\u011fu kadar altyap\u0131lara da zarar verdi\u011fi belirtilen raporda, \u00f6zellikle \u015febeke ve kanalizasyon boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n hasarlanmas\u0131 ile su temini ve at\u0131k sular\u0131n uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda akut problemler ya\u015fanabildi\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu nedenle deprem sonras\u0131nda su yoluyla bula\u015fma potansiyeli y\u00fcksek olan enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131 riskinin de artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekilen raporda, su kaynakl\u0131 salg\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6nlenebilmesi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli su teminiyle ilgili teknik \u00f6nlemlerin h\u0131zl\u0131ca al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Raporda, depremler sonras\u0131nda \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan toplam 13 ilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen hasar tespit \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda 16 \u015eubat itibar\u0131yla 61 bin 722 binada yer alan 263 bin 800 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z birimin acil y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken, a\u011f\u0131r hasarl\u0131 ve y\u0131k\u0131k oldu\u011funun ifade edildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Raporda, binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131, at\u0131klar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcrecinde gerekli i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulanarak, \u015funlar kaydedildi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n“Deprem at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici depolama alanlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, burada at\u0131klar\u0131n i\u00e7erisindeki malzemelerin ayr\u0131larak b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda yeniden kullan\u0131m, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm veya geri kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, kalan at\u0131klar\u0131n ise tehlikelilik seviyesine g\u00f6re ilgili y\u00f6netmeliklerde belirtilen h\u00fck\u00fcmler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bertaraf\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ge\u00e7ici ve nihai depolama alanlar\u0131 at\u0131k miktar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak kapasitede olmal\u0131, alanlara yetkisiz ki\u015filerin giri\u015fi s\u0131n\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yang\u0131n riskinden dolay\u0131 \u00f6zellikle ge\u00e7ici depolama alanlar\u0131nda at\u0131klar belli bir y\u00fcksekli\u011fin \u00fczerinde istiflenmemelidir. Yang\u0131n riski gibi durumlar i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Raporda, depremin toplumsal etkilerinin g\u00f6zetilmesi ve onar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131sa, orta ve uzun vadede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (\u0130T\u00dc) akademisyenleri, merkez \u00fcss\u00fc...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":788,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-etkinlikler"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=789"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=789"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}