Medya, kapitalist toplumda hi\u00e7bir zaman \u201ctarafs\u0131z\u201d bir alan olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Marx\u2019\u0131n altyap\u0131\u2013\u00fcstyap\u0131 diyalekti\u011fi i\u00e7inde medya; \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinin, s\u0131n\u0131f iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ve egemen ideolojinin yeniden \u00fcretildi\u011fi temel \u00fcstyap\u0131 kurumlar\u0131ndan biridir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bas\u0131n, bu i\u015flevini daha da \u00e7\u0131plak bi\u00e7imde yerine getirmekte; halk\u0131n haber alma hakk\u0131n\u0131 savunan bir kamusal alan olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak burjuva iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ideolojik ayg\u0131t\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Althusser\u2019in tan\u0131m\u0131yla medya, devletin ideolojik ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda merkezi bir konuma sahiptir. Bask\u0131 ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 (ordu, polis, yarg\u0131) zor yoluyla tahakk\u00fcm\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken; medya, r\u0131za \u00fcretimi yoluyla bu tahakk\u00fcm\u00fc me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn bas\u0131n\u0131n iktidar yanl\u0131s\u0131 ya da d\u00fczen i\u00e7i muhalefetle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir s\u00f6ylem alan\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, tam da bu r\u0131za \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinin bir sonucudur. Burjuva demokrasilerinde \u201c\u00e7o\u011fulculuk\u201d iddias\u0131 alt\u0131nda sunulan bu yap\u0131, ger\u00e7ekte sermaye egemenli\u011finin farkl\u0131 fraksiyonlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bir i\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden ibarettir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sava\u015f ve kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde bu ideolojik i\u015flev daha da yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Medya, art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca bilgi aktaran bir ara\u00e7 de\u011fil; Gramsci\u2019nin hegemonya kavram\u0131nda i\u015faret etti\u011fi \u00fczere, egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cdo\u011fal\u201d, \u201cka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz\u201d ve \u201cme\u015fru\u201d g\u00f6steren bir hegemonya ayg\u0131t\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Milliyet\u00e7ilik, \u015fovenizm ve g\u00fcvenlik s\u00f6ylemleri bu d\u00f6nemin temel ideolojik hammaddeleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Halep\u2019te K\u00fcrt ve S\u00fcryanilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mahallelere y\u00f6nelik cihat\u00e7\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n sunulu\u015f bi\u00e7imi bunun somut bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. HT\u015e ve benzeri selefi-cihat\u00e7\u0131 gruplar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r silahlarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi sald\u0131r\u0131lar, burjuva medyas\u0131nda ya g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131l\u0131nmakta ya da bilin\u00e7li bir \u00e7arp\u0131tmayla servis edilmektedir. \u00dclke i\u00e7 siyasetinde birbirini yiyenler sorun K\u00fcrtler olunca otomatik olarak ayni dile sar\u0131l\u0131yorlar. K\u00fcrt halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z savunmas\u0131 \u201cter\u00f6r\u201d, cihat\u00e7\u0131 \u015fiddet ise \u201caskeri operasyon\u201d ya da \u201cg\u00fcvenlik m\u00fcdahalesi\u201d olarak kodlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu dil, yaln\u0131zca bir habercilik tercihi de\u011fil; emperyalist ve b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin sava\u015f politikalar\u0131yla uyumlu ideolojik bir konumlanmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Benzer bir mekanizma emperyalist merkezlerin s\u00f6yleminde de i\u015fler. ABD\u2019nin Venezuela\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik ku\u015fatma politikalar\u0131, darbe giri\u015fimleri ve a\u00e7\u0131k ihlalleri, Bat\u0131 medyas\u0131nda \u201cdemokrasi\u201d, \u201cinsan haklar\u0131\u201d ve \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d retori\u011fiyle aklan\u0131r. Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n me\u015fru devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131na y\u00f6nelik haydut\u00e7a m\u00fcdahaleler dahi kriminalize edilmi\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klarla sunularak emperyalist sald\u0131rganl\u0131k ola\u011fanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Lenin\u2019in emperyalizm analizinde vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, mali sermaye yaln\u0131zca ekonomiyi de\u011fil; ideolojiyi ve bilinci de denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131r. Medya bu denetimin en i\u015flevsel ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu ba\u011flamda medya, halk\u0131 bilin\u00e7lendiren de\u011fil; s\u0131n\u0131f bilincini bast\u0131ran, \u00e7eli\u015fkileri perdeleyen ve mevcut \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerini yeniden \u00fcreten bir ayg\u0131ta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bilgi, art\u0131k \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmenin de\u011fil; yabanc\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n bir formu h\u00e2line gelmektedir. Marx\u2019\u0131n meta feti\u015fizmi kavram\u0131nda i\u015faret etti\u011fi \u00fczere, ger\u00e7ek toplumsal ili\u015fkiler tersy\u00fcz edilerek sunulmakta; fail ile ma\u011fdur, sald\u0131rgan ile direnen yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gazetecili\u011fin birikim, etik ve ilke gerektiren bir emek alan\u0131 olmas\u0131 bu d\u00fczende bilin\u00e7li olarak tasfiye edilmektedir. Bas\u0131n emek\u00e7ileri g\u00fcvencesizle\u015ftirilmekte, sendikas\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve oto-sans\u00fcre zorlanmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece medya, yaln\u0131zca ideolojik de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u0131n\u0131fsal bir disiplin mekanizmas\u0131 olarak da i\u015flev g\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda do\u011fru bilgiye ula\u015fmak, bireysel bir \u00e7aba olmaktan \u00f6te, siyasal bir m\u00fccadele alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ele\u015ftirel okuma, kaynak sorgulama ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal perspektif, burjuva medyas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sis perdesini da\u011f\u0131tman\u0131n temel ara\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi h\u00e2lde \u201chaber\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda sunulan i\u00e7erikler, emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 egemen ideolojinin pasif ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 h\u00e2line getirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marksist bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: Medya ya sermayenin, emperyalizmin ve sava\u015f politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ideolojik hizmetk\u00e2r\u0131d\u0131r ya da ezilenlerin, halklar\u0131n ve emek\u00e7ilerin kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olur. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan \u201ctarafs\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d iddias\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesini gizleyen liberal bir yan\u0131lsamadan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eren Ayd\u0131n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Medya, kapitalist toplumda hi\u00e7bir zaman \u201ctarafs\u0131z\u201d bir...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":8477,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,29],"tags":[],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-8476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eren-aydin","category-manset"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8476"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8478,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8476\/revisions\/8478"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8476"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=8476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}