Bolivya i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve kadim yerli halklar\u0131; emperyalizmin yerli i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerine, komprador burjuvaziye ve sermaye d\u00fczenine kar\u015f\u0131 son y\u0131llar\u0131n en kitlesel ve en militan m\u00fccadelelerinden birini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. \u00dclkenin d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda fabrikalardan \u00e7\u0131kan i\u015f\u00e7iler, geleceksizli\u011fe mahk\u00fbm edilmek istenen \u00f6\u011frenciler, topra\u011f\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kan yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve ezilen emek\u00e7i kesimler sokaklar\u0131 dolduruyor. Meydanlarda, caddelerde ve barikatlarda tek bir talep y\u00fckseliyor: Rodrigo Paz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti istifa etsin!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krizin fitilini ate\u015fleyen geli\u015fme, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin k\u00f6yl\u00fc hareketinin y\u0131llar s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelelerle kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihsel toprak haklar\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan yasa giri\u015fimi oldu. Paz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, yoksul k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin elindeki topraklar\u0131 kredi ve bor\u00e7 ili\u015fkileri \u00fczerinden ipotek alt\u0131na almay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir d\u00fczenlemeyi g\u00fcndeme getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bor\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6denememesi durumunda topraklara el konulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7an bu giri\u015fim, muhalif sendikalar ve k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fctleri taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k bir m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme politikas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Emek\u00e7i kesimlere g\u00f6re bu d\u00fczenleme yaln\u0131zca bir ekonomik tedbir de\u011fil; k\u0131r yoksullar\u0131n\u0131 topraks\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131racak ve \u00fclkenin do\u011fal zenginliklerini uluslararas\u0131 sermayenin denetimine daha fazla a\u00e7acak kapsaml\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131 niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li sendikalar, k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve yerli halk hareketleri bu sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir direni\u015f hatt\u0131 \u00f6rd\u00fc. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Bolivya\u2019da toprak meselesi hi\u00e7bir zaman yaln\u0131zca m\u00fclkiyet sorunu olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Do\u011fal gaz, lityum ve stratejik maden rezervleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin \u00fclkelerinden biri olan Bolivya\u2019da toprak m\u00fccadelesi; do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n kim taraf\u0131ndan ve hangi ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 sorusuyla do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen m\u00fccadele, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkenin yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc zenginliklerinin emperyalist tekeller taraf\u0131ndan ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 verilen bir egemenlik ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar ve uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketler lityumdan, do\u011fal gazdan ve madenlerden daha fazla k\u00e2r elde etmenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 ararken; i\u015f\u00e7iler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve yerli halklar bu kaynaklar\u0131n halk\u0131n ortak m\u00fclkiyeti oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta k\u00f6yl\u00fc hareketlerinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde geli\u015fen protestolar, k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00fclke genelinde b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir toplumsal harekete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler, \u00f6\u011frenciler, emekliler ve \u00e7e\u015fitli halk \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kendi ekonomik ve sosyal talepleriyle m\u00fccadeleye kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00f6ylece hareket, yaln\u0131zca s\u00f6z konusu yasaya kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015fen bir tepki olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Protestolar; artan ya\u015fam maliyetlerine, i\u015fsizli\u011fe, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlere, sosyal haklar\u0131n geriletilmesine ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet politikalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik daha geni\u015f bir ho\u015fnutsuzlu\u011fun ifadesi haline geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bug\u00fcn Bolivya sokaklar\u0131nda y\u00fckselen \u00f6fke, yaln\u0131zca belirli bir d\u00fczenlemeye de\u011fil, emek\u00e7i kesimlerin ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131ran ekonomik ve siyasal politikalara y\u00f6neliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u00fck\u00fcmet, y\u00fckselen toplumsal tepkiye polis ve ordu m\u00fcdahaleleriyle yan\u0131t verdi. Ancak g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin sert m\u00fcdahaleleri protestolar\u0131 durdurmak yerine daha da yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00f6stericilere y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131lar artt\u0131k\u00e7a h\u00fck\u00fcmete y\u00f6nelik tepkiler de b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgede protestolar\u0131n temel talebi Rodrigo Paz\u2019\u0131n istifas\u0131 haline geldi. Devletin bask\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla toplumsal hareketi geriletme giri\u015fimleri, \u015fu ana kadar beklenen sonucu vermedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bolivya\u2019da m\u00fccadele giderek daha fazla \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc emek hareketinin eksenine oturuyor. \u00dclkenin b\u00fcy\u00fck sendikalar\u0131, tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri, maden emek\u00e7ileri ve ula\u015f\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 haftalard\u0131r eylemlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu m\u00fccadele yaln\u0131zca bug\u00fcn\u00fcn ekonomik sorunlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil; y\u0131llard\u0131r biriken e\u015fitsizliklere, yoksulla\u015fmaya ve sermaye yanl\u0131s\u0131 politikalara kar\u015f\u0131 da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu nedenle emek\u00e7i hareketleri, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin kabine de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 reform vaatleriyle toplumsal \u00f6fkenin yat\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakan\u0131 Edgar Morales\u2019in istifas\u0131 da bu tablonun bir sonucu olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Uzun s\u00fcredir i\u015f\u00e7i hareketiyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fayan Morales\u2019in g\u00f6revden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131, sendikalar taraf\u0131ndan emek\u00e7i m\u00fccadelesinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesi olarak yorumlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bolivya bug\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet krizine de\u011fil; emek ile sermaye aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkilerin, do\u011fal kaynaklar \u00fczerindeki egemenlik m\u00fccadelesinin ve halk\u0131n siyasal temsil taleplerinin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi derin bir toplumsal \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u00fck\u00fcmet iktidar\u0131n\u0131 korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, i\u015f\u00e7iler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler, \u00f6\u011frenciler ve yerli halklar m\u00fccadeleyi b\u00fcy\u00fctmeye devam ediyor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde ya\u015fanacak geli\u015fmeler yaln\u0131zca h\u00fck\u00fcmetin gelece\u011fini de\u011fil, Bolivya\u2019daki toplumsal m\u00fccadelenin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de belirleyecek.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bolivya i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve kadim yerli...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,29],"tags":[],"manset":[],"class_list":["post-9693","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler","category-manset"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9693","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9693"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9693\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9695,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9693\/revisions\/9695"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9693"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9693"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9693"},{"taxonomy":"manset","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolektifmucadele1.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/manset?post=9693"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}